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| Wednesday 5 July 2000 saw us visiting the third largest city in England, Manchester. This visit combined an examination of new commercial scale landscapes in the urban environment (heavy on hardscape) with a general tour of the major metropolis of northern England for shopping, sightseeing, and general 'acculturation.' Manchester is a city of about 750,000 inhabitants; a major center for commerce and manufacturing. Like many cities that depended on heavy industry, Manchester saw a decline in its stature in the 1960's, 1970's and 1980's but has since begun to bounce back. | |
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We noticed a tremendous amount of construction going on in the city centre. Construction workers were as plentiful as pinstriped types from the financial district. The city is an amalgam of old and new, with Victorian buildings next to 60's paeans to concrete next to post-modernist steel and glass structures. A former railroad depot has been turned into a shopping/exhibition/conference center (above and at right). The major department store, Mark and Spencer's, which was mostly destroyed in a 1997 bomb blast, has been rebuilt in a grand scale, with interesting details such as the stone water feature (water not running) at bottom left, benches in the form of railway cars (bottom center), and giant twirlers (bottom right) near the main entrance to the store. |
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| Manchester city centre had numerous shopping arcades, office buildings, and various plazas. While the city did not appear to have many street trees, there were a few surprises in the form of wonderful rose gardens like the one below center; St. John's Garden. | |
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One of the most imposing buildings in Manchester is City Hall (above left) which the image does not do much justice. The construction elements most frequently noted were brick, stone and concrete. |
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